JKKNIU Journal of Social Sciences (JKKNIUJSS) is a peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge across the broad field of social sciences. The journal publishes original research articles, review papers, and theoretical studies that explore social phenomena, institutions, and human behavior at local, national, and global levels. It welcomes interdisciplinary approaches drawing from Economics, Public Administration, Folklore, Sociology, Political Science, Anthropology, and related disciplines. JKKNIUJSS aims to provide a scholarly platform for researchers, academics, and practitioners to share empirical findings, innovative methodologies, and critical perspectives that contribute to social development, policy formulation, and societal well-being.
Faculty of Social Sciences, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CLIMATE ADAPTATION INITIATIVES FOR CLIMATE-INDUCED MIGRANTS: EVIDENCE FROM RASULPUR SLUM IN BARISHAL CITY CORPORATION
Climate-induced internal migration is increasingly becoming an adaptive strategy in response to environmental degradation and disasters. This study investigates the impact of climate change policies on the lives of climate-induced migrants residing in Rasulpur Slum under the Barishal City Corporation, Bangladesh. The research primarily aims to assess the level of awareness of climate change policies among these migrants, compare their socioeconomic conditions before and after migration, and examine the support provided by relevant authorities. A mixed-method approach was adopted, involving a quantitative survey of 60 respondents selected through systematic sampling and qualitative data collected via five key informant interviews. The findings reveal limited awareness about climate change policies among migrants and highlight both improvements and deteriorations in their post-migration conditions. While schooling opportunities and savings behaviour have improved, challenges persist in housing, access to clean water, and women's employment. The study concludes that despite migration serving as a coping mechanism, policy implementation gaps and inadequate institutional support hinder the long-term well-being of climate-affected populations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Farhana Yasmin, Syed Aishik-E-Elah (Author)
MICROFINANCE AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: EVIDENCE FROM RURAL BANGLADESH
This study examines the role of microfinance in promoting entrepreneurship and enhancing financial support and security for people with disabilities (PWDs) in rural Bangladesh. A mixed-methods approach was employed to identify the barriers and enabling factors influencing access to microcredit and related financial services. Primary data were collected from PWDs in rural areas using a structured questionnaire (N=50), while secondary data were obtained from published journal articles, books, newspapers, and government documents. The findings indicate that microfinance access (MF scale) is strongly and positively associated with entrepreneurship (ENT scale) (r = 0.717, p < 0.01). Regression analysis further showed that microfinance access was a significant positive predictor of entrepreneurship among PWDs (β = 0.713, p < 0.001), explaining 51.5% of the variance in entrepreneurship. The inclusion of perceived impact improved the model's explanatory power (R² = 0.705); however, because the perceived impact scale may partly reflect outcomes associated with entrepreneurial success, this relationship is interpreted as associative rather than causal. The study also identifies the types of business activities undertaken by PWD entrepreneurs and highlights the major barriers and enabling factors affecting their entrepreneurial success. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers and microfinance practitioners adopt a holistic approach that goes beyond loan disbursement, integrating training, business development support, and social inclusion initiatives to promote sustainable entrepreneurship among PWDs in rural Bangladesh.
Copyright (c) 2026 Md. Alomgir Hossan, Dr. Bibi Morium (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Does Microfinance Empower Women? A Study in Some Selected Areas of Mymensingh District
As a lower-middle-income country, Bangladesh has been pioneering microcredit for the past 4 decades. The target group of microfinance institutions (MFIs) is predominantly women, accounting for more than 90% of their members. The study aims to investigate whether microfinance has a significant impact on increasing women’s empowerment. We collected primary data from 200 households, comprising treatment and control groups, in three Upazilas of Mymensingh district. We have used eight indicators to measure women’s empowerment. We found that the treatment group's mean empowerment scores are higher than those of the control group across three of the eight indicators: mobility, ability to purchase, and awareness and involvement in social and political issues. However, based on the logistic regressions, the treatment group is found to be more empowered than the control group on only two indicators: economic security and the ability to purchase. In light of the negative relationship between microfinance borrowing and domestic violence revealed by the logit results, future studies should investigate whether microfinance exacerbates domestic violence rather than enhances women’s empowerment. The logit result also dictates a negative association between microfinance borrowing and intra-household food distribution, suggesting that future research should focus more on investigating this issue. Since a significant proportion of women borrowers lack substantial control over the loan, it is less likely that microfinance improves the entrepreneurial capabilities of the treated women in the sample. In such a context, it is difficult to justify the claim that a tiny amount of funding can lead to significant empowerment of women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Md Shahnewaz Khan, Qamarullah Bin Tariq Islam (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Significance of Community-based Adaptation Strategies in Sustaining Crop Production in Flood-Prone Northcentral Bangladesh
Background and Statement of the Problem: Floods are a periodic disaster in Bangladesh, severely affecting agriculture, food security, and rural livelihoods, mostly alongside rivers. The Jamalpur district is situated in north-central part of Bangladesh and next to the Brahmaputra-Jamuna basins facing repeated flooding, damaging crops; hampering farming activities. In response to this challenge, community-based adaptation strategies have emerged as an important approach to increase resilience in flood prone areas. Main objective: This research explores the importance of community-based adaptation and explores how local farmers use their traditional knowledge, ecological practices, and strategies in the face of recurring floods. It also explores how floods have taken a positive turn in agriculture despite many adversities Methods and data: Focusing on three flood prone unions in the Melandah Upazila of Jamalpur region data collection involved interviews, observation, FGDs, KIIs, case studies, pen and paper and audio-visual methods. The data are analyzed in a thematic way. The sample size is about 40 out of a large population, as not all people are equally flood-affected or farmers. Purposive sampling to select experienced farmers, agricultural officers, local leaders, and nursery workers who can provide expert insights. To ensure data is gathered from relevant individuals with knowledge of adaptation strategies, judgmental sampling is also applied. Convenience sampling is used for quick, on-the-ground data collection, which helps capture immediate responses. Snowball sampling was employed to find new leaders using innovative techniques. Result: Some farmers have achieved stability in agriculture through some communal knowledge, while others, including educated and new-age farmers, are adopting new methods that are also bringing success to the community agriculture sector. The study confirms that recent adaptation is not just a survival process but a dynamic process of environmental management and social innovation. Valuing traditional knowledge, promoting equitable distribution of community-based knowledge, and institutionalizing grassroots-led initiatives will achieve local resilience in the face of climate change in other regions like Jamalpur. Concluding remarks: Farmers should be informed about modern agricultural practices and traditional adaptation techniques should be preserved. Traditional practices such as silt soil and crop rotation can be combined with modern methods. Local agricultural officials should be aware of new processes and form cooperatives for collective access to inputs and market opportunities. Increased training opportunities on flood-adaptation techniques should be provided to all farmers, including women. Encouraging women and men to engage in farming can accelerate the community-based adaptation process
Copyright (c) 2026 Fabliha Afaf, Md. Rakibuzzaman (Author)
Social Capital for Enhancing Family and Community Networks of Remittance-Receiving Households in Northern Bangladesh
Social capital is related to enhancing family and community networks. It promotes wellbeing to the remittance-receiving households. This study investigates how three types of social capital (bonding, bridging, and linking) contribute to improving family and community networks. Both quantitative and qualitative (mixed-methods) approaches were used in this study. For quantitative data, interview schedules with a structured questionnaire were conducted among 400 respondents (the dependent heads of the migrant worker’s families) covered four districts from two divisions of northern Bangladesh. For qualitative data, 18 key informants and 9 in-depth interviews were conducted among experts, community leaders, former migrant workers and academicians in the field of migration. Individuals can maintain family and community related communication through applying these three types of social capital on offer. Here, bridging and linking social capital instrumentally help to reconnect people by accomplishing humanitarian actions and fulfilling social needs in community. As mitigating social problems alongside the economic needs of the community people, social capital facilitates to increasing social engagement and cooperation. With the help of bonding social capital in decision-making process, migrant workers and their left-behind family can overcome family related challenges particularly. In the same time, it offers them to preserving psycho-social integrity and wellbeing by increasing family and community networks. As community resilience during post-migration, social capital applies to mitigate socio-economic and cultural threats of Remittance-Receiving Households in Northern Bangladesh. And bridging social capital enhances ‘Social Network’ in community settings. Therefore, the application of these social capitals works for the improvement of the family and community networks of the left-behind households of northern Bangladesh.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Md. Rostom Ali, Dr. Md. Fakrul Islam, Mst. Surovi Akther (Author)
Women’s Participation at Local Level Politics: A Case Study on Nazirpur Upazilla
This study examines the factors, patterns and challenges regarding women’s participation in local level politics in Nazirpur Upazila. Based on Political Feminist Theory and Social Empowerment Theory, the study explores how social and cultural conditions influence women’s political involvement at the local level. Applying a mixed-methods explanatory approach, this study integrated a quantitative analysis of 100 purposively sampled respondents with nuanced qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews to provide a multi-dimensional perspective. Secondary data were gathered from academic literature, policy documents, and government reports. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics to identify associations between socio-cultural variables and levels of political participation complemented by thematic analysis to contextualize the findings. The findings reveal a significant gender gap: while male participation stands at 65%, women’s direct engagement is limited to 30%. Furthermore, 67% of women reported that their voting choices are guided by their family opinions, reflecting a lack of individual political agency. The study identifies that patriarchal norms (77%), family restrictions, and limited political education are primary barriers to effective participation. A key contribution of this research is the creation of a cause-effect framework that proves how specific social barriers directly lead to women being left out of politics. Based on these results, the study proposes two models: one showing the cycle of barriers and another showing how education and training can lead to empowerment. The main limitation is that the research focused only on one Upazila. Future research should compare different regions and use more advanced models to better understand women’s political empowerment across rural Bangladesh.
Copyright (c) 2026 Foisal Ahmed (Author)
Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Flood Coping Strategies in Wetland Communities: A Qualitative Study in Islampur Union, Bangladesh
Flooding is a common hazard in Bangladesh, occurring every year and affecting almost all regions of the entire country. The Islampur union of Sunamganj district is located in the north-eastern part of the country and close to the world’s rainiest place, Meghalaya. Therefore, it faces significant rainfall, making it one of the most adversely hit locations. In order to survive, the locals in this union have accumulated an incredible amount of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) pertaining to floods. This research seeks to comprehend TEK’s function in handling disasters associated with flooding in that particular area. The study has two objectives: one is why flood-affected wetland communities use local knowledge, and another is how TEK is used and transmitted in their everyday lives. The study follows two questions: firstly, what purpose does local knowledge serve for the flood-affected rural north-eastern communities of Bangladesh? And secondly, what are the uses of TEK, and how does it become a shared cultural practice in everyday life? Data were collected from four distinct villages of Islampur Union in the Sunamganj district, Bangladesh. Primary data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and the KII method. To understand the emic perspective, the study involved the case study method on a specific phenomenon. Data was descriptively analysed following a qualitative approach. This study found essential connections between traditional knowledge and flood coping mechanisms in the study area. It has also found that TEK and the resilience of wetland communities are intertwined through the practices of everyday life. This study attempts to explain the importance of TEK in dealing with various flood-related adversities in north-eastern Bangladesh. The significance of this finding is that it demonstrated the importance of the integration of traditional knowledge systems alongside scientific and official methods in constructing inclusive and culturally relevant disaster governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Md. Sarwar Zahan Md. Sarwar Zahan (Author)
Property Distribution and Ownership Pattern in the Matriarchal Garo Community: A Sociological Study of Change and Continuity in Kolmakanda Upazila, Bangladesh
The Garo is one of the most famous matriarchal societies in Bangladesh. This study aims to find out the property ownership and distribution pattern in the matriarchal social system by focusing on the continuity and changes in the traditional practices of the Garo communities. A mixed method approach is employed with 130 surveys, both face-to-face and online, as a quantitative method, and 02 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), 08 In-depth Interviews (IDIs) under case study as the qualitative method with purposive sampling, respectively at Kolmakanda Upazila in Netrokona district. About 69.20% of respondents reported that The youngest daughter (Nokna) is traditionally considered the primary heir in Garo communities where 76.20% state that when younger daughter unable or unwilling to accept the inheritance, the ownership of property become distributed among other siblings and 80% Garo people delineate that in absence of female child, mother handover the ownership of property to her sons. To transfer the ownership of property, Garo communities arranged the Nokrom-gata ceremony, where the husband of the nokna (nokrom) came to the nokna’s house and the mother transferred her property to the youngest daughter in the presence of family members, relatives, the headman of the village (nokma), and a few witnesses of the village. In this study, more than one fourth of Garo people believe that inheritance practices have been changed among Garo communities because of intermarriage with non-Garo communities, whereas 27.7% believe that modern issues like education, urbanization, and industrialization, cultural acculturation, cultural assimilation, etc., influence property distribution practices in the Garo community. In recent times, male members of the Garo society have been demanding equal ownership rights in family property. Most of the parents are now distributing their property among their sons and daughters. Even many female children of Garo families don’t demand full ownership of their parents’ property. They want to share the ownership of parents’ property with their brothers, but still now female children of Garo communities are getting the lion share of their parents’ property. Most of the male children of Garo families take it positively because they think women are safe hands to protect and manage their families’ property. These provide valuable insight into the understanding of matrilineal systems, indigenous property rights, and gender dynamics among Garo communities in Bangladesh, serving usefully for policy thinkers, academics, and development practitioners working on the issues of gender and empowerment of indigenous women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Saiful Islam, Md. Reazul Islam, Alias Raksam (Author)
Electoral Authoritarianism and Violence: Mapping Electoral Violence in Bangladesh, 2014-2015
In 2014 and 2015, Bangladesh experienced widespread electoral violence, boycotts, opposition exclusion, partisan administration, criminalization, state-led repression, and authoritarian tendencies, which were marked by a new type of violence and never before in the history of Bangladesh politics has there been such a prolonged, continuous blockade-hartal programme related to elections. This paper analyses the trends and dynamics of electoral violence in Bangladesh during 2014–2015. Using data from national newspapers, the paper maps 4,518 election-related violence incidents and examines how these events reflect deeper political transformations. Instead of merely quantifying violent episodes, the study interprets how electoral violence operates as a mechanism of control, coercion, and regime durability within an electoral authoritarian framework. The findings reveal that the strategic use of violence by ruling elites not only suppresses opposition participation but also legitimizes authoritarian rule under the excuse of democratic elections. By connecting empirical trends to theories of electoral authoritarianism, this study contributes to understanding how democratic institutions are instrumentalized for autocratic ends. It concludes that strengthening intra-party democracy, reducing criminalization of politics, and depoliticizing state institutions are essential to breaking the entrenched cycle of electoral violence in Bangladesh.
VIEWING PREFERENCES AND PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS DRAMA IN PRIVATE TV CHANNELS: INSIGHTS FROM AUDIENCES OF MYMENSINGH DIVISION IN BANGLADESH
Television drama is considered as one of the most popular genres in media production. In BTV era, many popular TV dramas increased viewers’ engagement. In private TV channel era, started in 1997, TV drama has been continuing its top position. Keeping this in mind, the study has investigated the viewing preferences and perceptions from audiences’ viewpoint using questionnaire survey, FGD and IDI on 384 viewers of Mymensingh administrative division. Both male and female audiences have been taken by using convenient sampling technique. The study found that 50% of the respondents liked TV drama. The majority of the respondents (40.6%) opined that drama viewing frequency is decreasing. Interestingly 82.5% of the respondents mentioned the TV drama maintains standard. The perceptions were determined through 19 sub-factors in six factors such as storytelling, quality acting, entertainment, costume, appropriate set and quality airing. The findings from FGDs indicate that the viewers prefer TV drama but they are concern about maintaining the quality. In responses to 19 sub-factors, many respondents have shown negative and neutral attitude. However, viewers’ preferences, mind set and attitudes have indicated the situation as somehow positive. According to the majority of respondents, perception on TV drama is not entirely satisfactory. Considering the findings, the producers, content creators should come forward to improve in storytelling, acting & casting, entertainment, makeup & costume, set & art direction and quality airing. The producers could also make TV drama of local dialect maintaining its quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jillur Rahaman Paul, Ph.D (Author)
Income Dynamics And Educational Outcomes Of Children In The Informal Sector: Evidence From Tangail, Bangladesh
This study examines the impact of parental income on children’s education in the informal sector of Tangail Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh. Data were collected from 162 households through a structured questionnaire survey conducted in July 2022. The United Nations (2005) recommended formula was applied to determine the sample size, and households were selected using random sampling techniques. Findings indicate that parental income has a significant positive effect on children’s educational outcomes. In households with monthly incomes below Tk. 8,000, only 28.6% of children are enrolled in school, 71.4% are out of school, and 81.6% are engaged in income-generating activities. In the Tk. 8,000–13,000 income range, 84.6% of children are enrolled, 15.4% are out of school, and 30% participate in income-generating work. All children from households earning above Tk. 13,000 are enrolled in school, with no involvement in paid work. Income changes also strongly influence education: when income increased, 95.4% of children were enrolled, while only 33.3% were enrolled when income declined. A Chi-Square test confirms a statistically significant relationship between parental income change and children’s education (χ² (2,384) = 131.881, p < .000), with Cramer’s V = 0.58 indicating a strong effect. Parental perceptions reveal that 72.8% value education for overcoming poverty and improving life prospects, while 14.2% cite high costs as a barrier, and 13% consider extended schooling unnecessary. The study concludes that parental income is a critical determinant of children’s educational attainment in the informal sector and recommends policies to expand affordable education, provide income support to low-income households, and strengthen vocational training to break the cycle of poverty.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sanchoy Saha, Ashiqur Rahman, Md. Mahbub Alam, Md Nazmus Sadekin (Author)
Sufism in the Hill Areas of Nepal Himalaya: The Inaudible Heartbeat of Religious Mysticism
This article presents an ethnographic analysis of the presence and adaptation of Sufism in Nepal's hill regions, a context largely neglected in anthropological studies of South Asian Muslim communities. Existing scholarship has focused primarily on Muslims of the Terai plains, leaving the lived religious practices and cultural negotiations of Himalayan Muslim populations understudied. Addressing this gap, the study explores how Sufi traditions were historically introduced into the hill regions and how they have been reworked through everyday interactions with local ecologies, belief systems, and multi-ethnic social formations. Based on long-term qualitative fieldwork incorporating participant observation, oral histories, ritual documentation, and local historical narratives, the article examines ritual practices, healing practices, dhikr gatherings, and shrine-centred devotional activities as sites of religious meaning. The findings demonstrate that Sufi practices function as embodied and relational forms of religiosity that facilitate interreligious interaction, shape local Muslim identities, and sustain cultural syncretism within plural social settings. Despite contemporary transformations linked to migration, modernisation, and reformist Islamic movements, Sufi ethics and ritual practices continue to structure moral life and social cohesion in the hill communities. The article contributes to anthropological debates on lived religion, minority adaptation, and the cultural production of religious pluralism in the Himalayan region.
Copyright (c) 2026 JKKNIU Journal of Social Sciences
Sushil Samaj: The civil society and its controversy in contemporary Bangladesh
The perception of civil society in Bangladesh is ambiguous due to its multifaceted nature and contested meanings in contemporary society. It is often translated as sushil samaj, nagorik samaj, and related terms. The political contestation of these meanings further complicates the understanding of their actual and practical uses in everyday life. It enhances the likelihood of being misleading about the concept’s depth. It also draws on discourse and documentary analysis of NGOs' reports, media accounts, academic literature, constitutional texts, and critical commentaries. It employs qualitative and interpretive methods. This research investigates four criteria: the translation of Sushil Samaj as a contested phenomenon, the discourse, and media-based popular perceptions. The study highlights the ambiguity of institutional roles, the contradictions of NGOs, and the theoretical debates between liberal-democratic and Marxist perspectives. The findings guide the reader regarding the role of civil society in promoting democracy, rights, and accountability. Elite dominance in civil society is prevalent and raises objections. Major concerns regarding civil society include political co-optation, donor dependence, and corruption. This article argues that civil society appears to lack accountability and that this weakness stems from both internal and external pressures. It requires greater autonomy, inclusivity, and a democratic orientation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Md Rahamatullah, Sabuj Mondal (Author)
Natural Justice and Its’ Constitutional Foundations, Judicial Interpretations, and Implementation Challenges: A Legal Study with Special Reference to Bangladesh
This study focuses on the legal development, application, and intellectual foundations of natural justice concepts in Bangladesh's administrative and constitutional structure. It looks at how audi alteram partem and nemo judex in causa sua are crucial legal safeguards for equity in judicial, administrative, and quasi-judicial proceedings. The study examines pertinent constitutional provisions, rulings of the court, and case laws, emphasising how natural justice is impliedly included and how it helps to restrain capricious state activity. It assesses the legal and procedural flaws that impede procedural justice and points out real-world difficulties and implementation irregularities, especially inside state institutions. Although courts have broadened the definition of natural justice to include non-judicial organisations and legal representation. The study also discusses acknowledged exceptions where its application might be disregarded for statutory, urgent, or practical reasons. Finally, the study confirms that natural justice is essential to protecting individual rights, encouraging responsibility, and strengthening the rule of law in Bangladesh; nevertheless, more institutional support is required to guarantee its steady application.
MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT OF BANGLADESH: A LEGAL CRITIQUE
Microplastics are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment of Bangladesh. Microplastics are thought to pose a major risk for aquatic ecosystems (i.e inland water bodies and marine ecosystem). Concern has been extremely raised by the microplastics contamination of marine habitats and inland water bodies. Microplastics from untreated industrial waste disposal, household plastic trash, sewage sludge, soil accumulation, shipbreaking plastic debris, fishing nets, and other sources are present in the inland and marine habitats of Bangladesh. The study determines the overall risk of microplastic contamination in the aquatic ecosystems of Bangladesh. The study identifies institutional shortcomings and gaps in national and international legislation to address the microplastics contamination. The study recommends implementing a ‘Good-Faith Cooperation’ strategy among the neighbouring coastal states to control micoplastics pollution in the Bay of Bengal as the contamination in the marine ecosystem is transboundary in nature. To curb marine microplastics pollution, strict adherence to a number of international laws, such as UNCLOS, MARPOL, Annex V of MARPOL is required by Bangladesh. Furthermore, it is suggested to modify the existing domestic legal mechanisms such as precautionary measures should be preferred to remedial measures in order to address the irreparable loss caused by microplastics in the aquatic environment of Bangladesh. Comprehensive rules on ‘Extended Producer Responsibility’ should be implemented in order to hold plastics manufacturers accountable. Sanctions based legislations alone are not adequate to deal with the issues. The Government of Bangladesh should offer fiscal incentives for the installation of effluent treatment plant to dispose of industrial plastic waste water that later fragments into microplastics. Doctrinal method is followed to develop the theoretical premise of legal implications of microplastics in the aquatic eco-systems. The scope of the study is inland water bodies and marine habitats of Bangladesh.
Career Awareness and Institutional Challenges Faced by Students with Physical Disabilities in Tertiary Education: A Micro-Level Study of First-Year Students at Rajshahi University
Students with disabilities repeatedly face significant challenges throughout their life in all possible aspects. While some have been able to gain admission into the university system, many are still unaware of career options as well as the supportive policies extended to them by the government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities. This knowledge gap weakens their chances to potential career growth. This study concerns itself with the level of career awareness among first-year students with disabilities at Rajshahi University. The study covers their career awareness level, career information sources, challenges, and expectations, followed by recommendations on policies. Data were collected from 10 varied participants (in terms of gender, discipline, and type of disability) through a detailed structured questionnaire. The analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings revealed that the average level of career awareness was 58 percent on five core indicators. Half of the respondents depended on teachers mainly for career guidance. Notably, 70 percent did not know about the role of NGOs in supporting career development, implying an absence of institutional linkage. Moreover, 90 percent showed interest in attending training on entrepreneurship and freelancing. The research, therefore, recommends enhancing career awareness programs in order to expedite career growth of physically-challenged students at tertiary level and strengthening partnerships between universities and NGOs to assist students with disabilities for career guidance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Md. Fahim Shahriar, Muhammad Mahmudur Rahman (Author)